试论新疆成矿体系与时空演化模式   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

董连慧  刘德权  唐延龄  冯京  屈迅  李凤鸣  田江涛  徐仕琪 《矿床地质》2015,34(6):1107-1129

文章探讨了成矿体系的内涵,在以往研究成果和编制1∶1 500 000中国新疆维吾尔自治区矿床成矿系列图的基础上,根据先时间、后空间、再成因的总体思路,完善了新疆前寒武纪、早古生代、晚古生代、中生代、新生代五个时段成矿体系,初步构建了各时段成矿体系的时空演化模式,总结出5个时段成矿体系的特点是:前寒武纪为基底陆壳的形成与发展各具特色的成矿体系;早古生代板块体制早期发育具中亚成矿域特色的成矿体系;晚古生代板块体制晚期发育具中亚成矿域特色的成矿体系;中生代新疆北部发育板内西域成矿特色的成矿体系和新疆南部发育特提斯成矿域特色的成矿体系;新生代发育板内西域成矿特色的大陆成矿体系。  相似文献   

甘肃成矿系列研究及矿产勘查新突破   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张新虎  任丰寿  余超  刘建宏  赵彦庆  张发荣  贾志磊 《矿床地质》2015,34(6):1130-1142

甘肃省地质环境复杂,成矿条件优越,矿产资源相对丰富,构造上位于古亚洲、滨太平洋、特提斯三大构造域的交接部位,有北山、祁连山、西秦岭3个北西-南东向造山带,其间夹持着敦煌、阿拉善、中-南祁连、鄂尔多斯等地块。根据甘肃省的构造演化、岩石建造组合及矿产分布规律,运用成矿系列理论,对全省各成矿单元成矿系列和谱系作了初步研究与梳理,重新划分出10个成矿系列组,54个成矿系列,42个成矿亚系列,82个矿床式。在此基础上,进一步归并出4个矿床成矿系列组合、16个矿床成矿系列类型。通过归纳总结祁连山-龙首山、秦岭成矿区矿床成矿谱系,依据甘肃主要成矿大区不同构造环境、成矿旋回和成矿系列发育特征,运用缺位找矿思维,调整对区域矿产勘查工作部署,开展新区域、新层位、新类型、新矿种勘查找矿,取得重要成果。西秦岭地区玛曲县大水金矿、夏河县加甘滩金矿找矿成果卓著,先后列为国土资源部2010年度、2014年度全国10大找矿成果,西成铅锌矿田厂坝老矿山深部勘查资源储量大幅度增加,发现大桥金矿新类型;北祁连西段卡瓦铁矿富集区评价取得新进展,将成为镜铁山铁矿资源接续区;阿尔金成矿带青砂沟锰矿勘查实现新层位找矿突破,显示出成矿系列理论在指导区域成矿规律研究方面具有强大的生命力和科学依据。甘肃省内已设置国家级整装勘查区5个,据《2012年全国主要矿产资源储量通报》,甘肃省金矿资源储量跃居全国第2位,锰矿居全国第8位,锌、铅矿分别位稳居全国第3、6位,找矿潜力巨大。  相似文献   

Inverse Analysis of Deep Excavation Using Differential Evolution Algorithm   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

B. D. Zhao  L. L. Zhang  D. S. Jeng  J. H. Wang  J. J. Chen 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2015,39(2):115-134

This paper presents the applications of the differential evolution (DE) algorithm in back analysis of soil parameters for deep excavation problems. A computer code, named Python‐based DE, is developed and incorporated into the commercial finite element software ABAQUS, with a parallel computing technique to run an FE analysis for all trail vectors of one generation in DE in multiple cores of a cluster, which dramatically reduces the computational time. A synthetic case and a well‐instrumented real case, that is, the Taipei National Enterprise Center (TNEC) project, are used to demonstrate the capability of the proposed back‐analysis procedure. Results show that multiple soil parameters are well identified by back analysis using a DE optimization algorithm for highly nonlinear problems. For the synthetic excavation case, the back‐analyzed parameters are basically identical to the input parameters that are used to generate synthetic response of wall deflection. For the TNEC case with a total of nine parameters to be back analyzed, the relative errors of wall deflection for the last three stages are 2.2, 1.1, and 1.0%, respectively. Robustness of the back‐estimated parameters is further illustrated by a forward prediction. The wall deflection in the subsequent stages can be satisfactorily predicted using the back‐analyzed soil parameters at early stages. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Evolution of continental crust of the Aravalli craton,NW India,during the Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic: evidence from geochemistry of granitoids     

M. Sayad Rahaman 《International Geology Review》2015,57(11-12):1510-1525

Neoarchaean–Palaeoproterozoic granitoids of the Aravalli craton, represented by four plutons with different ages, viz. Gingla (2.6–2.4 Ga), Ahar River (2562 Ma), Untala (2505 Ma), and Berach (2440 Ma) granitoids, are classified into three suites: TTG-like, Sanukitoid, and High-K Granitoid suite, all exhibiting negative Nb and Ti anomalies. The TTG-like suite is characterized by high contents of SiO₂, Na₂O, and LREEs, high (La/Yb)_N, low contents of K₂O, MgO, Cr, and Ni, and low (Dy/Yb)_N, suggesting that this suite formed by partial melting of a subducted basaltic slab without interacting with a mantle wedge. In contrast, the calc-alkaline Sanukitoid suite is marked by a high content of LILEs and mantle-compatible elements, which indicate that this suite formed by partial melting of a slab-fluid metasomatized mantle wedge in a subduction-related arc environment. On the other hand, the High-K Granitoid suite is characterized by high contents of SiO₂ and K₂O, and low contents of Na₂O, MgO, Cr, and Ni with variable Eu anomaly, along with high (La/Sm)_N and (La/Yb)_N, and low (Dy/Yb)_N and Nb/Th. Some high-K granitoids also exhibit A-type characteristics. These features indicate that the High-K Granitoid suite formed by melting of crustal rocks. Early Neoarchaean continental crust formation reflected a slab-melting-dominated magmatic process as evidenced by the TTG-like suite, whereas Palaeoproterozoic petrogenesis was governed by the interaction of slab melt with mantle wedge as demonstrated by the Sanukitoid suite. The High-K Granitoid suite formed during the waning stages of subduction. This study reveals that granitic rocks of the Aravalli craton evolved from slab melting in the Neoarchaean to melting of mantle wedge in the Palaeoproterozoic. Melting of older crust led to the formation of the High-K Granitoid suite.  相似文献   

Depositional system and palaeoclimatic interpretations of Middle to Late Pleistocene travertines: Kocabaş, Denizli,south‐west Turkey          下载免费PDF全文

Ezher Toker  Mine Sezgül Kayseri‐Özer  Mehmet Özkul  Sándor Kele 《Sedimentology》2015,62(5):1360-1383

Travertine deposits in western Turkey are very well‐exposed in the area of Kocaba?, in the eastern part of the Denizli Basin. The palaeoclimatic significance of these travertines is discussed using U/Th dates, stable isotope data and palynological evidence. The Kocaba? travertine occurrences are characterized by successions of depositional terraces associated with palaeosols and karstic features. The travertines have been classified into eight lithotypes and one erosional horizon, namely: laminated, coated bubble, reed, paper‐thin raft, intraclasts, micritic travertine with gastropods, extra‐formational pebbles and a palaeosol layer. The analysed travertines mostly formed between 181 ka and 80 ka (Middle to Late Pleistocene) during a series of climatic changes including glacial and interglacial intervals; their δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values indicate that the depositional waters were mainly of basinal thermal origin, occasionally mixed with surficial meteoric water. Palynological results obtained from the palaeosols showed an abundance of non‐arboreal percentage and xerophytic plants (Oleaceae and Quercus evergreen type) indicating that a drought occurred. Marine Isotope Stage 6 is represented by grassland species but Marine Isotope Stage 5 is represented by Pinaceae–Pinus and Abies, Quercus and Oleaceae. Uranium/thorium analyses of the Kocaba? travertines show that deposition began in Marine Isotope Stage 6 (glacial) and continued to Marine Isotope Stage 4 (glacial), but mostly occurred in Marine Isotope Stage 5 (interglacial). The travertine deposition continued to ca 80 ka in the south‐west of the study area, in one particular depression depositional system. Palaeoenvironmental indicators suggest that the travertine depositional evolution was probably controlled by fault‐related movements that influenced groundwater flow. Good correlation of the stable isotope values and dates of deposition of the travertines and palynological data of palaeosols in the Kocaba? travertines serve as a starting point for further palaeoclimate studies in south‐west Turkey. Additionally, the study can be compared with other regional palaeoclimate archives.  相似文献   

非洲东北部阿拉伯-努比亚地盾(ANS)构造演化与金成矿作用     

魏浩 《地质与勘探》2015,51(2):283-394

阿拉伯-努比亚地盾(Arabian Nubian Shield,简称ANS)是900~550Ma期间冈瓦纳超大陆汇聚过程中形成的增生造山带,这一造山过程也被称为是泛非造山运动。它记录了一个长期的造山演化历史,经历了从大洋俯冲、岛弧形成及弧后的岩浆作用到大陆板块碰撞地体的拼合,再到新生地壳的逃逸构造、走滑剪切、张性断裂一系列的构造演化过程。这个演化可以分为四个阶段:(1)洋盆形成阶段(870~800 Ma);(2)洋壳俯冲阶段(800~670 Ma);(3)造山阶段(750~550 Ma);(4)后造山阶段(550 Ma~三叠纪),其中后三个阶段都有金的富集成矿作用。洋壳俯冲阶段的金矿化主要赋存在Algoma型含铁建造层(BIF)、凝灰质变质碎屑岩,以及火山成因的块状硫化物矿床内。造山阶段的主要金矿化类型为含金石英-碳酸盐脉状金矿化、与斑岩铜矿化有关的金矿化,以及与辉长岩类岩体有关的含金石英脉状矿化。与后造山阶段有关的金矿化以少量浸染状、网脉状并伴有Sn-W-Ta-Nb矿化的石英脉为特征。目前在ANS中发现了大量金矿床或矿点,它们具有各种不同的成因类型。根据构造背景及赋矿围岩,ANS原生金矿化可以划分为三类:(1)与火山沉积序列有关的金矿化,包括VMS型、浅成热液型;(2)空间分布上与碳酸盐化蛇绿岩带相关的金矿化;(3)与后造山或造山晚期闪长岩-花岗岩岩体或次火山岩有关的金矿化。  相似文献   

博格达造山带东段早石炭世火山岩地球化学特征及构造属性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪晓伟 《地质与勘探》2015,51(1):108-122

博格达造山带东段克孜库都克地区七角井组玄武岩和中酸性火山碎屑岩及少量流纹岩在时空上构成双峰式火山岩组合。玄武岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为331.0±3.0Ma,属于早石炭世晚期;Si O2含量为47.68%~48.82%,Ti O2含量(1.83%~2.17%)略高于N型大洋中脊玄武岩,高Al(Al2O3含量为15.56%~16.09%),富钠贫钾(Na2O/K2O=5.44~7.76),低Mg(Mg O含量为5.97%~7.17%,Mg#为43~47),表明其原始岩浆发生过明显的橄榄石和辉石的分离结晶作用。玄武岩具有近于平坦的稀土配分模式,轻微负Eu异常(δEu=0.89~0.93),相对富集Rb、Ba、P,亏损Th、Nb、Ta、Sr、Ti等不相容元素。火山岩岩石地球化学特征表明:研究区玄武岩可能是亏损尖晶石相地幔橄榄岩向石榴石相地幔橄榄岩过渡的产物,且在其上升过程中受到较弱程度的地壳物质混染,形成于陆内裂谷环境,其地球动力学体制可能与古亚洲洋壳向先存的准噶尔-吐哈陆块斜向俯冲,产生的侧向撕裂力拉张陆块有关。克孜库都克地区早石炭世玄武岩构造属性的确立进一步证实了博格达造山带在石炭纪时期处于大陆裂谷演化过程的观点,为进一步深入理解博格达地区石炭纪构造岩浆演化过程提供了新的地质与年代学依据。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地库车坳陷西秋古隆起的形成及其演化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

余海波  漆家福  师骏  张玮  曹淑娟  范绳  孙统  杨向阳 《地质科学》2015,50(2):524-535

重力异常资料显示,库车坳陷南缘西秋构造带深层发育有基底隆起。本文通过地震资料解释确认了西秋构造带深层占隆起的结构,分析了占隆起的形成和演化过程。西秋构造带南侧边缘存在一条区域性基底断裂,断裂北侧新生界下伏中生界、古生界明显减薄或地层缺失,总体上表现为断背斜形态的古隆起构造。结合区域构造演化分析认为,泥盆纪~石炭纪(D-C)塔里木克拉通边缘隆升、二叠纪-三叠纪(P-T)受南天山负荷影响产生的克拉通边缘压陷的构造演化过程中,西秋构造带处于"跷跷板"式地壳升降运动的"支点"部位,发育古隆起和基底卷入高角度断层,晚期南天山隆升向南斜向推挤的挤压剪切应力场使古隆起边界断层复活,基底断裂活动并在新生界之下形成冲断隆起。  相似文献   

黄土高原春季干旱时空分异特征     

姚玉璧  王劲松  王莺  杨金虎  李俭峰  雷俊 《高原气象》2015,34(1):30-38

采用基于相对湿润度的干旱指数分析方法和黄土高原1961 2010年气候要素资料,研究了黄土高原春季干旱时空变化、异常分布和次区域演变特征。结果表明:1961 2010年黄土高原春季干旱强度变化呈现明显中心区域强、周边区域弱的分布特征,其中中部腹地干旱强度增加趋势倾向率最大,中部周边干旱强度增加次之,东北部和西部边缘呈减弱趋势。研究区不同区域春季干旱强度呈同位相变化是干旱变化的首要空间分布模态,异常中心区域在陕北、陇东及宁夏西南部。东西部反相位分布模态反映了黄土高原东西部所受大气系统影响差异性的特征。根据载荷向量不同模态空间异常分布型,可将春季干旱划分为西北部型、东北部型和南部型等3个次区域异常型,南部春季干旱强度时间序列呈显著增强趋势,其由弱变强的突变点出现在1977年,西北部和东北部干旱强度也呈波动增强趋势,但未通过显著性检验,没有突变。西北部和南部春季干旱指数存在显著的3~4年振荡周期,东北部存在显著的5~6年振荡周期。  相似文献   

东营凹陷八面河北部斜坡带构造特征及形成机制     

张蕾 《山东国土资源》2015,31(6)

研究了东营凹陷八面河北部斜坡带的断裂特征、构造演化特征及其形成机制,明确了该区的断裂展布特点和断层活动性,弄清了北部斜坡带的演化规律,同时分析该区的构造变形特征。结果表明：中生代以后,八面河地区存在2种独立的构造变形系统：一是板块边缘相互作用力;二是到后期由于板块的持续俯冲,地幔底辟作用在岩石圈底面产生的牵引力。八面河北部地区在这2种构造力的综合作用下,不同时期表现出不同的构造变形特征。  相似文献